1. Inspired air contains approximately 1% inert gas.

    True

    False

2. The smooth shape of a crash helmet makes securing to a spinal board easier.

    True

    False

3. Anatomical and physiological changes in the pregnant patient include raised diaphragm and reduced venous return from lower parts of the body.

    True

    False

4. Ventricular tachycardia and asystole are examples of 'shockable' heart rhythms.

    True

    False

5. Entonox comprises 50% oxygen and 50% carbon dioxide.

    True

    False

6. The pancreas produces digestive juices and adrenalin.

    True

    False

7. High standards of personal hygiene are of paramount importance in minimising the risk of cross infection.

    True

    False

8. The tongue and foreign material are common causes of airway obstruction.

    True

    False

9. Blood is composed of plasma, white cells, red cells and platelets.

    True

    False

10. The axial skeleton includes the skull, the spinal column and the thoracic cage.

    True

    False

11. Universal safety precautions when using oxygen include no smoking, never allowing cylinders to run completely empty and avoiding excessive force when connecting apparatus.

    True

    False

12. The meninges help to protect the brain and spinal cord.

    True

    False

13. Patients who are obviously dead would be priority four patients.

    True

    False

14. Defibrillation using an AED may be carried out in a moving vehicle provided that CPR is not being performed on the patient and everyone is standing clear when a shock is delivered.

    True

    False

15. The normal pulse oximetry reading is above 95% SpO2.

    True

    False

16. Digestion, absorption, secretion and elimination are the four stages of the digestive process.

    True

    False

17. Naso-pharyngeal airways must not be used in patients with nasal injury, where fractures to the base of the skull are suspected or in patients under the age of 12.

    True

    False

18. On inspiration, the diaphragm flattens downward.

    True

    False

19. The kidneys filter the blood and regulate salt and water balance in the body.

    True

    False

20. An advisory external defibrillator should not be used in an oxygen rich or explosive atmosphere.

    True

    False

21. The body regulates blood pressure by blood volume, elasticity of the arteries and peripheral resistance.

    True

    False

22. The lymphatic system removes waste from body tissues and helps fight infection.

    True

    False

23. Vomiting may have serious consequences if the patient is wearing a full face crash helmet.

    True

    False

24. Oxygen is most commonly used in cases of hypoxia, major trauma and hyperventilation.

    True

    False

25. Penetrating abdominal wounds and 12% burns to the perineum and genitalia are examples of priority one patients.

    True

    False

26. An adult patient with cerebral compression would have an elevated blood pressure.

    True

    False

27. Contra-indications of entonox administration include chest injuries, intoxication and severe head injuries.

    True

    False

28. Paraplegia, monoplegia and meningitis are all examples of medical conditions which indicate damage to the nervous system.

    True

    False

29. The two types of peripheral nerves are sensory and neuro.

    True

    False

30. An adult patient in hypovolemic shock would have an elevated blood pressure.

    True

    False